Footprints of the Central Arkansas Master Naturalists

Blog about the people and their ideas that are “Working to Keep Arkansas in its Natural State”

Arkansas Master Naturalists have a New Website Monday, August 10, 2009

After forming two more chapters in Arkansas, the Master Naturalist program has developed a new website to have information available about the whole chapter.

The website includes the Central Arkansas Master Naturalists, the Northwest Arkansas Master Naturalists, and the North Central Arkansas Master Naturalists.

Visit the new Arkansas Master Naturalists website at

http://home.arkansasmasternaturalists.org

Central Arkansas Master Naturalists have their application online for the new class of 2010.

 

Stream Team finds water scorpion and rescues catfish Tuesday, December 16, 2008

Filed under: stream team — summitlady238 @ 1:19 pm
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 stream-team-12  Dec. 13, 2008

 Photo: Bert T, Bruce W, Phil J, Dave D, Linda S, George L, Cathy P, and Martha B.  Photographer:  Alice J.

Here is the intrepid stream team. Lack of sun and 40 degree temperatures didn’t stop them, but the promise of hot drinks and food later helped. The water temperature was 46 degrees Fahrenheit. Fortunately we didn’t have to venture deep into the water, but many did need to gets at least our hands wet. This was Linda’s first time and she volunteered to be the record keeper.

 Highlights included some resourceful fishing. Many little fish were caught, including a catfish and a beautiful green and red striped minnow. Dressed for the season! Thoughts of lunch aside, we came for the bugs and we found many. This time there were more of the little sowbugs and scuds than usual. We also found freshwater shrimp, crayfish, mussels, worms, mayfly, dragonfly and damselfly larvae.

I’ve included a scanned image of another interesting insect we caught – the common Water Scorpion. They are clumsy and slow swimmers, moving so seldom that often algae grow on their back. Instead of chasing prey, water scorpions generally are found in the leaves and loose debris of streams and lakes where they hide in ambush or slowly stalk their prey. They catch prey with their front legs much like a praying mantis does on land. Their prey consists of insects but may get a large as tadpoles and small fish.water-scorpion1

  This long, stick-like bug is not poisonous. The scorpion name probably comes from the distinctive tail, which actually consists of two tubes held together for breathing. They hang down in the water with the tubes breaking the water surface, breathing air. When they need to venture deep in the water they transfer air down under their wings. Because they rely on the atmosphere for air they are tolerant of most pollution and are not a good indicator species of pollution. However their role as predators makes them an integral part of the ecosystem, well connected to changes in the rest of the food web.

 Overall the Little Maumelle River continues to be a healthy stream with a diversity of stream invertebrates and healthy water chemistry. Thanks to everyone who came out. Once we got the supplies back we all headed up to the Christmas party for some well-deserved hot food and drink.

 -George Lrescued catfish

Note from Martha:  This little catfish was rescued by Bert, Dave and Bruce  from the inside of a coke can that Bruce found floating in the water.  He had gotten in but grew and couldn’t get out.  He is now free to swim the Little Maumelle River and grow up to be a big guy.  Thanks guys!   Cleaning up trash is an important part of Stream Team.  See more pictures in Flickr.

catfish-cropped1

 

Stream Team Sampling and Training Tuesday, September 16, 2008

Filed under: Advanced Training, stream team, turtles — summitlady238 @ 8:34 pm
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Fourteen Master Naturalists led by MN George Lauster gathered on the banks of the Little Maumelle River Saturday, along the Kingfisher Trail at Pinnacle Mountain State Park. We were fortunate that Tropical Storm Ike had held off till later the night, leaving us with just cloudy skies and a slight breeze.

Our first find of the morning occurred before most had arrived when Larry Cross discovered a baby alligator snapping turtle.

We started the morning inspecting the riparian area before splitting up into teams to measure the stream’s flow, chemistry and benthic macroinvertebrates (sediment bugs). There were still wood debris piles and other signs of Tropical Storm Gustav’s massive flooding that extended to the parking lot.

Bert Turner lead the flow team, Bill Toland coached the bug collectors, while Martha Bowden and I did the chemistry. Collecting bugs was the highlight for both the veterans and the newbies. We didn’t spend much time identifying them there as we all headed up to the visitor center for some advanced training.

I gave a presentation to help us understand better why the stream team exists. We tried to imaging what life is like from the viewpoint of a stream bug or fish, then connected our view to the stressors that stream scientists and managers are concerned about. We tied it up by going over the different riparian, chemistry and bug indicators we use as a stream team. For me the fun part was then breaking folks up into small groups that each became more expert on group of similar looking bugs. Each group then put their new knowledge to work identifying the bugs present in our samples.

We found nine types of macrointertebrates, including mayfly and stone fly larvae. These two types are sensitive to pollution.

Along with the chemistry results, this suggested that this portion of the Little Maumelle River is in great health and recovered after just two weeks since the massive flooding of Tropical Storm Gustav. The only criticism I got afterwards was that we don’t do this enough. Current plans are to sometimes help Game and Fish and other organizations with their sampling efforts, giving us a chance to see how things differ among streams.

Written by MN George Lauster

 

Bird Suet 101 Monday, August 25, 2008

Filed under: Birds — summitlady238 @ 7:14 pm
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Trying to attract birds to your backyard?

Have you tried feeding the feathered friends?

Below is a really easy, inexpensive bird suet that the birds in my neighborhood love. I have seen all kinds of recipes but the recipe below is pretty fool proof—even for the novice cooks.

1 cup lard
1 cup peanut butter
1 cup flour
1 cup cornmeal
½ cup sunflower seeds

Melt the lard in a microwave until very soft.

Mix in the peanut butter. Slowly add in the dry ingredients until the mixture is a soft cookie dough state.

Pour into suet cake containers, bread pans, or just roll into large balls and freeze.

String or twine can be placed in the cookie dough for easy hanging on tree limbs. Two or three balls can be put in an onion bag and hung in the trees.

For variety you can add raisins or other dried fruit, nuts or berries to your mix.

If you need help or WANT to help make some bird suet cakes to sell at Rendezvous in October let me know.

Happy birding!
Katherine Becker

 

Black Bear Raiding Local Bird Feeders Saturday, August 23, 2008

Filed under: Interesting facts — summitlady238 @ 5:25 pm
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My wife Cheryl and I have lived in the Wye Mountain area for about 10 years. Our property is surrounded on two sides by timber company land, and in general this area of the county is fairly wooded, not cleared. We’ve seen bears two other times. The first year we were here we saw one at a neighbor’s. It was raiding their chicken coop, not for the chickens but for their food- a large plastic container of corn. A few years later we saw an assumed mom bear with three, yes three, cubs crossing the road on Highway 113 near the road we turn on to go to our house. There was a forest fire west of us that day, and I’m sure that’s what had resulted in this sighting. Everyone (the world’s most frequently quoted source) I’ve talked to since says that three cubs in extremely unusual, and probably only two were that bears, that she’d picked up one from another bear that had something happen to it.

We’d not seen one since until this last Friday, August the 15th. I got home from work about 5:30 and my wife said we’d just had a bear in the back yard about 30 minutes earlier. My immediate “Oh yeah sure, was it riding a unicycle and tooting a trumpet?” was met with a stern “I mean IT!” The back door was open, just the screen door was closed, and one of the cats was slinking toward the door with her hair all puffed upped (it was a long haired calico cat who is accurately named Bad Bella for her famous bite reflex, and she REALLY puffs up when scared) so I went to see what she was looking at and there was this HUGE bear standing on its hind legs raiding our bird feeder”. Ok Ok I say, sorry I missed it. She said it ran off when it heard her shut the door. I suspect that door was not just shut, but super slammed.
About 45 minutes later I was in kitchen when she calls out “It’s back the bear is back.” Don’t tease me I say and she says get in here NOW before it goes back into the woods and you think I’m hallucinating. So I hurried into the living room and yes dear I never doubted you, ’cause that is a big, big, bear!’ It was walking under our bird feeders, which are a little higher than my head and I’m about 6 feet tall, and then smooth and easy it raised up to stand only on it’s back legs, put two large bear paws around our main bird feeder that I’d just refilled a few days before with “Deluxe Mix”, and tilted the feeder sideways. It put it’s mouth to one of the feeding ports and shook bird feed into its mouth. It would then lower back to all fours to finish it’s bite then rear up to do it again. It was very cautious, looking around and occasionally walking about 10 feet back into the cover of woods and then return to continue it’s feeding. I finally eased the back sliding glass door open to try to get a picture and it immediately ran into the woods.

That was it until well after dark when I thought i heard something and shined a light out and of course, the bear was back to continue to raid the feeder. It is actually an electric “Wild Bill’s” feeder and I thought perhaps he would finally touch it in a way that would shock him, but it did not, or he was not bothered if it did. A shock designed to deter squirrels and raccoons may not have much effect on a bear. Or perhaps his initial swatting at the feeder may had jarred the battery loose.
Anyway, I would occasionally shine a light on him or even turn the back flood light on, which would cause him to go into the woods , but he would soon be back. This game persisted until about 11 pm at which time I decided to go to bed, resigned to have a mangled feeder in the morning. Next morning the feeder was completely empty and greatly misshapen, but somewhat to my surprise it was still hanging.

I got a call about mid morning from Wade Walker with Ark Game and Fish. We’d called and left a message with them the night before. Wade traps and relocates bears. He’s had one other sighting in this general area that might have been the same bear. He explained that late in the summer some animals will expand their range looking for food if their normal sources are low.

He gave me the good and common sense advice of putting up any outside food for a while- bird, dog, cat and making sure any garbage was secure. He said that without food source a bear will usually move on. I told him that it was obvious that this bear was still afraid of people. He said it was important to keep it that way, for people to make a loud noise and scare a potential nuisance bear off, and NOT to feed them. He was super nice, gave me his cell phone # and said call him if we continued to have trouble and he could come a set up a trap.
This is Sunday pm and I’ve not seen the bear since Saturday morning. Hopefully he is back in the woods where he should live and people should visit. And not the other way around. And while I enjoyed his visit, I must admit I would not like having to hide my outside animal food and be fixing bird feeders on a regular basis. My poor cardinals and hummingbirds did some frustrated flying back and forth across where the feeders should hang, and hopefully will again soon.


My impression of this bear was one of a gentle easy going creature, a little curious and hungry, but cautious, one who was a happy and relaxed. And if bears and people keep a decent distance between them, I think we will be happy, and relaxed too. And obviously delighted and enlightened, just as bears have been dong for people for as long as they’ve both been here.

By Owen Floyd

Pictures by Owen Floyd

 

A Little Bird needs BIG help Thursday, August 21, 2008

Join the Arkansas Wren Survey and help Audubon Arkansas and ASU learn more about the distribution of the rare and declining Bewick’s Wren. It is possible anywhere in the state but we can’t cover the whole state without your help! It’s free, easy, fun, and open to anyone of any experience level who can spend at least 4 hours at least twice a year looking and listening for Bewick’s Wrens in their habitat.

Here’s what you do:

* Sign up at http://ar.audubon.org/wren
* Find suitable Bewick’s Wren habitat using maps and local knowledge
* Count the wrens you see and hear (we’ll provide a CD of wren songs)
* Record a few simple habitat measurements
* Submit your data
* Share your questions and sightings with other participants using the ARWREN e-mail list

Although our focus is the Bewick’s Wren, you’ll also count Carolina and House Wrens. These wrens are much more common than Bewick’s and look similar. It is especially important to differentiate the Bewick’s from the Carolina. The identification problem is similar to that of the Ivory-billed vs. Pileated Woodpecker. If it wasn’t for the look-alike common species, identifying the rare one would be a snap. So learn the field marks.

Voice is the best way to separate them; listen to vocalizations on our web site. Habitat is somewhat of an indicator too. The Carolina Wren is our most common wren and the one most likely to be living in backyards throughout the state. Bewick’s Wrens tend to avoid heavily urbanized areas, instead preferring brushy, weedy, overgrown fields and woodland edges, including unkempt farmyards with fencerows, junk piles, and old buildings for nesting.

So learn the field marks. Both Bewick’s and Carolina Wrens have a wide white eyebrow stripe. Bewick’s is gray below and gray or reddish above. Carolina is a warm buff-brown color below and red-brown above. Bewick’s has white corners on the tip and a distinct pattern on the underside of the tail. See http://www.ar.audubon.org/wren/SpeciesProfiles.html for details.

Sign-up today! If you have questions don’t hestitate to contact Dan Scheiman, Bird Conservation Director for Audubon Arkansas at 501-244-2229

Picture used with permission from Charles Mills

 

Elegant Buck in Midtown Little Rock Thursday, August 21, 2008

Filed under: Interesting facts, Mammals — summitlady238 @ 7:50 pm
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Hi, All, I am Laetitia, a proud graduate of the first CAMN class—presently inactive but dues-paying and loving to follow the fantastic contributions you folks are making and the stories you are creating for present and future Arkansans.

I took this picture of an elegant buck from my back sun porch in midtown Little Rock, a bit west of Rebsamen Park Road and surrounded on 2-1/2 sides by forest. These handsome juveniles entranced me—there were four. My neighbor later saw a gang of eight bucks there. I know it should be called a “herd,” but just wait.

Soon after my excited photo shoot, I began to notice the absence of two sweet potato vines, a Red Maple,a couple of Dragonwing Begonias, and several clumps of Hosta here and there. It is worth noting that on all but the Hosta the stems were left intact, ghostly green skeletons.

We pick tomatoes, deer pick leaves—if we are lucky, they will replenish themselves. I have to admit that I was roundly steamed. No more than hairy, horned farmers they are!

What cooled me off was the wonderful poem that follows, by America’s incoming Poet Laureate. It is taken from her extraordinary book of poetry FLAMINGO WATCHING, Copper Beach Press, 1994, $9.95.

DEER, by Kay Ryan

To lure a single swivel ear,
one tentative twig of a leg,
or a nervous tail here,
is to mark this place
as the emperor’s park,
rife, I say rife, with deer.
For if one leaf against the littered floor
be cleft with the true arc,
all this lost ground, and more,
becomes a park. Everywhere
the nearest deer signals the nearest dark.
A buck looks up: the touch of his rack
against wet bark whispers a syllable
singular to deer; the next one hears
and shifts: the next head stops
and lifts; deeper and deeper into the park.

You know where to find me. I live in the emperor’s park.

Laetitia East

 

Try Removing Ticks this way Wednesday, August 20, 2008

Filed under: Interesting facts — summitlady238 @ 6:01 am
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As Master Naturalists, we are in the woods logging in plenty of hours volunteering. We use the bug spray and hope that ticks don’t make it past that layer of protection. If they do, here is something to try. MN Laetitia East said this was passed on to her by someone at ADEQ. She hasn’t tried it yet but wants to know if you will and then let us all know by making a comment on the blog.

A School Nurse has written the info below — good enough to share — And it really works!!

Apply a glob of liquid soap to a cotton ball. Cover the tick with the soap-soaked cotton ball and swab it for a few seconds (15-20), The tick will come out on its own and be stuck to the cotton ball when you lift it away. This technique has worked every time I’ve used it (and that was frequently), and it’s much less traumatic for the patient and easier for me. ‘It works!’

This seems like something we could all add to our packs by putting the cotton ball in a small container/ bag. Be sure to add a small plastic bottle to keep the tick for further ID if you get ill.

Written by Martha from an email by Laetitia East

 

Prehistoric Rock Art Found by Naturalist Wednesday, July 9, 2008

Filed under: Archaeology — summitlady238 @ 2:57 pm
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Master Naturalist Discovers Prehistoric Rock Art

Master Naturalist Don Higgins, who donates the majority of his volunteer hours to Petit Jean State Park, made an amazing discovery while working in the field on a project he created for himself. Don stumbled upon this previously undiscovered treasure at an undisclosed location within the parks boundaries. Congratulations Don!

Pictograph near Petit Jean Mountain.  Picture taken by Don Higgins.

Pictograph near Petit Jean Mountain. Picture taken by Don Higgins.

After meeting Don and hearing about his findings, I realize how important it is for us all to find our own path. Don discovered, like most of us, that he didn’t know or understand the nature that surrounded him. He took the CAMN training and by using the resources CAMN gave him, has strengthened his own mission statement. His hard work in the field has led to many discoveries of prehistoric rock art, rockshelters and unique plants growing around Petit Jean Mountain. We hope to be hearing more from him.

Typical rock shelter

Typical rock shelter

 

Can You Survive? Part 1 Water and Shelter Wednesday, July 9, 2008

Filed under: Advanced Training — summitlady238 @ 2:57 pm
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Sunday, July 5th   See pictures in CAMN’s Flickr photos

Advanced training on Survival training was held at Pinnacle Mountain State Park. Park Interpreter Sarah Jones and a very knowledgeable Mike Thennes lead the group about the priorities of shelter and water. These are just a few of my notes to give you an idea of what was covered in the class. We all appreciated the time they donated to this training event. 

Many people become disoriented and confused when lost in the woods.  Trying to find your way home can make it hard for people to locate where you are.  Stay put, build a shelter, get drinking water,  and make lots of noise to let people know where you are.

WHEN and HOW: When we are thirsty, we are already 3% dehydrated because our brain signals us when it is too late. Drink 8 oz every 15 minutes because the body can’t store water. Instead of gulping your water, drink like a wine taster. It will help hydrate the sinuses. We lose water by conduction, convection, radiation, respiration, and perspiration. You can lose up to a liter of water a day by breathing through your mouth. Protein and fat need a lot of water to digest, so while hiking, bring carbohydrates. When you hear water sloshing in your stomach it means you need salt (Replenish at Walmart). Shivering burns up to 500 calories a minute (I was thinking that this weight loss program is not recommended while trying to survive).

FIND IT: Watch the wildlife and looks for tracks. Animals will daily go for water. Use a handkerchief to collect dew by wiping it on grass or leaves of non-poisonous trees then squeezing it in something to purify. Water can come from trees. The ones to look for are maple, birch, hickory, sweet gum and sycamore. A grapevine also contains water. If you are desperate, try the eye of a fish.

FILTERS: Boiling is best but if you can’t there are a lot of types of filters and methods. Many were described and it was suggested we practice at home before we actually need to use them.  Eating snow can lower your body temperature and increase the risk of hypothermia.  Melt the snow first, and purify the water before drinking.

SHELTER: We saw a survival tent constructed with just a stick, tarp and ropes. Watch for where you put the tent. Observe overhead (lose branches to fall in a storm), drainage, and plants (poison ivy) around you. If you build by a stream, animals follow the bank and you could put yourself in danger. Then we hiked to a previously built A-frame bough shelter. The reality of a survival situation increased my need for knowledge as I attempted to get in the small shelter and visualized myself in the woods alone, hoping to survive the night until help arrived.

KNOTS: Something I had forgotten since Girl Scouts many years ago. Need a refresher on that.

FURTHER READING: Books suggested that interested me were the Tom Brown Jr books in particular the Field Guide for Suburban and City Survival.